GAW - Gamma Air Watch
GAW is the acronym for Gamma Air Watch, a novel
Cherenkov telescope designed for ground-based
observations of Very High Energy gamma-ray sources
(10 11-10 13 eV).
GAW is a "path-finder" experiment to test the feasibility
of a new generation of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes,
which join high flux sensitivity with large field of view capability.
GAW is conceived as an array of three identical imaging telescopes
disposed at the vertexes of an equilateral triangle, about 80 m side.
Two main features characterize GAW with respect all existing
and presently planned ground-based Cherenkov telescopes,
the first difference concerning its optics system:
GAW uses a Fresnel refractive lens as light collector instead of
the classical reflective mirror.
The second main difference is the detection mode used:
the grid of multi-anode photomultiplier tubes constituting
the detector at the focal surface operate in single photoelectrons counting mode
instead of the charge integration mode widely used in the image atmospheric
Cherenkov telescopes.
The GAW array will be located at the
Calar Alto Observatory site, Spain, 2150 m a.s.l.
During a first phase, only 6°×6° of the focal plane detecor will be implemented;
moving it along the field of view, the sensitivity of the telescopes
will be tested observing the Crab Nebula with on-axis and off-axis
pointings up to 20° and with a telescope energy threshold of 300 GeV.
As path-finder, in two year operation GAW
will also monitor the Very High Energy activity of some flaring Blazars.
In a second phase, once proven the feasibility of the method,
the GAW array focal plane will be enlarged
to cover a field of view of ±12°; pointing along different North-South
directions, GAW would reach a survey of 360°×60° region of sky.
GAW is a collaboration effort of Research Institutes in Italy, Portugal and Spain.
With different committments and tasks, the following IASF-Palermo people
are part of the GAW Team:
Giancarlo Cusumano (GAW Respons.) |
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Gaetano Agnetta |
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Benedetto Biondo |
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Osvaldo Catalano |
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Filippo Celi |
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Salvo Giarrusso |
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Antonino La Barbera |
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Giovanni La Rosa |
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Maria Concetta Maccarone |
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Angelo Mangano |
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Teresa Mineo |
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Francesco Russo |
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Bruno Sacco |
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Alberto Segreto |
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Contact person:
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Giancarlo.Cusumano at iasf-palermo.inaf.it
(GAW Respons.)
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"Single photon counting approach for imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes",
O. Catalano, M.C. Maccarone, B. Sacco,
Astroparticle Physics, vol.29, n.2, pp.104-116, 2008.
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"Air shower simulation with CORSIKA for the GAW experiment",
D. Torresi, M.C. Maccarone, B. Sacco,
Proc. GRID Open Days at the University of Palermo, pp. 77-80, 2008.
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"Expected Performance of the GAW Cherenkov Telescope",
M.C. Maccarone, P. Assis, O. Catalano, G. Cusumano,
P. Gonçalves, M. Moles, M. Pimenta, A. Pina, B. Sacco, B. Tomé,
Proc. 30th ICRC, Merida, Mexico, 3-11 July 2007 (in press).
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"GAW - An Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope with Large Field of View
",
G. Cusumano, G. Agnetta, A. Alberdi, M. Alvarez, P. Assis, B. Biondo,
F. Bocchino, P. Brogueira, J.A. Caballero, M. Carvajal, A.J. Castro-Tirado,
O. Catalano, F. Celi, J. Costa, C. Delgado, G. Di Cocco, A. Dominguez,
J.M. Espino Navas, M.C. Espirito Santo, M.I. Gallardo,
S. Giarrusso, M. Gómez, J.L. Gómez, P. Gonçalves,
M. Guerriero, A. La Barbera, G. La Rosa, M. Lozano,
M.C. Maccarone, A. Mangano, I. Martel, E. Massaro, T. Mineo, M. Moles,
F. Perez-Bernal, M.A. Péres-Torres, M. Pimenta, A. Pina,
F. Prada, J.M. Quesada, J.M. Quintana, J.R. Quintero, J. Rodriguez,
F. Russo, B. Sacco, M.A. Sanchez, A. Segreto, B. Tomé,
A. de Ugarte Postigo, P. Vallania
Proc. 30th ICRC, Merida, Mexico, 3-11 July 2007 (in press).
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"GAW - An Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope with Large Field of View
",
G. Cusumano, G. Agnetta, A. Alberdi, M. Alvarez, P. Assis, B. Biondo,
F. Bocchino, P. Brogueira, J.A. Caballero, M. Carvajal, A.J. Castro-Tirado,
O. Catalano, F. Celi, C. Delgado, G. Di Cocco, A. Dominguez,
J.M. Espino Navas, M.C. Espirito Santo, M.I. Gallardo, J.E. Garcia,
S. Giarrusso, M. Gómez, J.L. Gómez, P. Gonçalves,
M. Guerriero, A. La Barbera, G. La Rosa, M. Lozano,
M.C. Maccarone, A. Mangano, I. Martel, E. Massaro, T. Mineo, M. Moles,
F. Perez-Bernal, M.A. Péres-Torres, M. Pimenta, A. Pina,
F. Prada, J.M. Quesada, J.M. Quintana, J.R. Quintero, J. Rodriguez,
F. Russo, B. Sacco, M.A. Sanchez-Conde, A. Segreto, B. Tomé,
A. de Ugarte Postigo, P. Vallania
Proc. 5th Int. Workshop on Science with the New Generation of
High Energy Experiment, Frascati Physics Series Vol. XLV, A. Lionello and A. Morselli (Eds.),
pp. 297-304, 2007.
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"Gamma Air Watch (GAW): the electronics and trigger concept",
P. Assis, G. Agnetta, P. Brogueira, O. Catalano, G. Cusumano, N. Galli,
S. Giarrusso, G. La Rosa, M. Pimenta, G. Pires, F. Russo, B. Sacco
Proc. 30th ICRC, Merida, Mexico, 3-11 July 2007 (in press).
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"Characteristics and performance of the GAW experiment for a large
field of view Cherenkov gamma-ray telescope",
G. Cusumano, G. Agnetta, A. Alberdi, M. Alvarez, P. Assis, B. Biondo,
F. Bocchino, P. Brogueira, J.A. Caballero, M. Carvajal, A.J. Castro-Tirado,
O. Catalano, F. Celi, J. Costa, C. Delgado, G. Di Cocco, A. Dominguez,
J.M. Espino Navas, M.C. Espirito Santo, M. Gallardo, J.E. Garcia,
S. Giarrusso, M. Gómez, J.L. Gómez,
M. Guerriero, A. La Barbera, G. La Rosa, M. Lozano,
M.C. Maccarone, A. Mangano, I. Martel, E. Massaro, T. Mineo, M. Moles,
A.M. Moro, F. Perez-Bernal, M.A. Péres-Torres, M. Pimenta,
F. Prada, J.M. Quesada, J.M. Quintana, J.R. Quintero, J. Rodriguez,
F. Russo, B. Sacco, M.A. Sanchez, A. Segreto, B. Tomé,
A. de Ugarte Postigo, P. Vallania
Proc. 20th ECRS, Lisbon, Portugal, 5-8 September 2006 (in press).
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"GAW - A Large Field of View Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope",
M.C. Maccarone, G. Agnetta, P. Assis, B. Biondo, P. Brogueira,
O. Catalano, F. Celi, J. Costa, G. Cusumano, C. Delgado, G. Di Cocco,
M.C. Espirito Santo, P. Galeotti, S. Giarrusso, A. La Barbera, G. La Rosa,
A. Mangano, T. Mineo, M. Moles, M. Pimenta, F. Prada, F. Russo,
B. Sacco, M.A. Sanchez, A. Segreto, B. Tomè, A. de Ugarte Postigo,
P. Vallania, C. Vigorito,
Proc. 29th ICRC, Pune, India, Vol.5, pp.295-298, 2005 (astro_ph/0509706).
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"Gamma Air Watch (GAW) - An Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope with
Large Field of View",
T. Mineo, G. Cusumano, G. Agnetta, B. Biondo, O. Catalano, F. Celi,
S. Giarrusso, A. La Barbera, G. La Rosa, M.C. Maccarone, A. Mangano,
F. Russo, B. Sacco, A. Segreto, G. Di Cocco, P. Assis, P.Brogueira,
J. Costa, M.C. Espirito Santo, M. Pimenta, B. Tomé, C. Delgado,
P. Galeotti, C. Vigorito, M. Moles, F. Prada, M.A. Sanchez,
A. de Ugarte Postigo, P. Vallania,
Proc. 3rd Workshop on "Science with the New Generation of High
Energy Gamma-ray Experiments", Cividale del Friuli, Italy, pp.75-82, 2005.
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"GAW (Gamma Air Watch): a wide field of view imaging Cherenkov telescope",
G. Cusumano, G. Agnetta, B. Biondo, O. Catalano, S. Giarrusso, G. Gugliotta,
A. La Barbera, A. Mangano, T. Mineo, F. Russo, B. Sacco,
Proc. Frascati Workshop, December, 2001.
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"GAW (Gamma Air Watch): a new type of imaging telescope",
G. Cusumano, G. Agnetta, O. Catalano, S. Giarrusso, G. Gugliotta,
M.C. Maccarone, A. Mangano, T. Mineo, B. Biondo,
F. Russo, B. Sacco,
Proc. 27th ICRC, M. Simon, E. Lorenz, M. Pohl (Eds.),
Copernicus Gesellscahft, Vol. OG, pp.2824-2826, 2001.
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"GAW (Gamma Air Watch): a novel imaging Cherenkov telescope",
G. Cusumano, G. Agnetta, B. Biondo, O. Catalano, S. Giarrusso, G. Gugliotta,
L. La Fata, M.C. Maccarone, A. Mangano, T. Mineo, F. Russo, B. Sacco,
Proc. Frascati Workshop 2001, Vulcano, Italy, May 21-26, 2001.
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GAW Official Web Site (under construction)
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Cosmic Rays and Gamma-Ray Experiments in the World
Last Modification: Wednesday, December 16 2009
Edit by Giancarlo Cusumano
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